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- Ambiguity and the dialogical self: In search for a dialogical psychologyPublication . Ferreira, Tiago; Salgado, João; Cunha, CarlaIt is intuitively felt that ambiguity plays a crucial role in human beings’ everyday life and in psychologists’ theoretical and applied work. However, ambiguity remains essentially non-problematised in psychological science since its foundation. This article analyses positivist and social constructionist perspectives on ambiguity in the context of their epistemological and ontological fundamental assumptions. The relational thesis of social constructionism is further analysed and it is argued that it constitutes a “weak thesis” concerning the relational constitution of human beings. In the second part, a dialogical alternative is elaborated. In this perspective, ambiguity is placed in the context of relationship and both are brought to an ontological ground. Therefore, it is argued, ambiguity is a fundamental property of human experience and plays a fundamental role in the constitution of (inter)subjective processes. The impact of this thesis on dialogical perspective on self is elaborated.
- Ambiguity and the dialogical self: In search for a dialogical psychology.Publication . Ferreira, Tiago; Salgado, João; Cunha, CarlaIt is intuitively felt that ambiguity plays a crucial role in human beings’ everyday life and in psychologists’ theoretical and applied work. However, ambiguity remains essentially non-problematised in psychological science since its foundation. This article analyses positivist and social constructionist perspectives on ambiguity in the context of their epistemological and ontological fundamental assumptions. The relational thesis of social constructionism is further analysed and it is argued that it constitutes a “weak thesis” concerning the relational constitution of human beings. In the second part, a dialogical alternative is elaborated. In this perspective, ambiguity is placed in the context of relationship and both are brought to an ontological ground. Therefore, it is argued, ambiguity is a fundamental property of human experience and plays a fundamental role in the consti tution of (inter)subjective processes. The impact of this thesis on dialogical perspective on self is elaborated.
- Ambivalence in emotion-focused therapy for depression: The maintenance of problematically dominant self-narrativesPublication . Ribeiro, António P.; Mendes, Inês; Stiles, William B.; Angus, Lynne; Sousa, Inês; Gonçalves, Miguel M.Ambivalence can be understood as a cyclical movement between an emerging narrative novelty-an Innovative Moment (IM)-and a return to a problematically dominant self-narrative. The return implies that the IM, with its potential for change is devalued right after its emergence. Our goal is to test the hypothesis that the probability of the client expressing such form of ambivalence decreases across treatment in good-outcome cases but not in poor-outcome cases.
- Anomalia Psíquica Grave e CriminalidadePublication . Alves, A. P.; Almeida, F.A associação entre perturbação mental e criminalidade tem sido amplamente investigada. Para além do ponto de vista clínico, o estudo desta associação é relevante pelas implicações na organização dos serviços de saúde e sua articulação com o sistema judicial e também pelo impacto na opinião pública que a problemática da perigosidade das pessoas portadoras de perturbação mental suscita. Tem sido mostrada, de forma consistente, uma associação entre violência e esquizofrenia e outras psicoses. Contudo, estas patologias não parecem constituir o único e principal risco adicional de comportamento violento. Apesar da prevalência de violência associada às perturbações decorrentes do abuso de substâncias, sem psicose associada, ser mais elevada, está evidenciado que a patologia aditiva (co-mórbida) aumenta significativamente o risco de violência nos indivíduos que padecem de psicose. Estes dados salientam a importância de intervenções destinadas à prevenção do consumo de substâncias em doentes com psicose e a avaliação do risco de violência nestes doentes, como forma de prevenir a recidiva de comportamento violento e criminal.
- Assassinos em série: Uma Revisão Sobre as Características, Tipologia, e Modo de AtuaçãoPublication . Almeida, Fernando; Pinto, Ana Sofia; Fonseca, Daniela Susana; Monteiro, Daniela Oliveira; Araújo, Sofia; Teixeira, Viviana; Moreira, Diana
- Associations Between Early Family Risk, Children’s Behavioral Regulation, and Academic Achievement in PortugalPublication . Cadima, Joana; Gamelas, Ana M.; McClelland, Megan; Peixoto, CarlaThis study examined concurrent associations between family sociodemographic risk, self-regulation, and early literacy and mathematics in young children from Azores, Portugal (N ¼ 186). Family sociodemographic risk was indexed by low maternal education, low family income, and low occupational status. Behavioral aspects of self-regulation were assessed using a direct measure called the Head–Toes–Knees–Shoulders task. Results of structural equation modeling revealed that family sociodemographic risk had significant negative effects on behavioral regulation and academic achievement. Behavioral regulation was positively associated with academic achievement when we adjusted for the influence of family sociodemographic risk and child verbal IQ. Furthermore, behavioral regulation mediated the association between family sociodemographic risk and mathematics achievement. Practice or Policy: The results suggest the detrimental effect of family socioeconomic risk in Portugal and the potential importance of behavioral regulation for school success for Portuguese children
- Associations between perceived maternal acceptance–rejection and social and emotional competence of preschool childrenPublication . Peixoto, Carla; Coelho, Vera; Machado, Francisco; Fonseca, SusanaThis study analysed the associations between preschoolers’ perceived maternal acceptance–rejection and their social and emotional competence. Participants were 90 Portuguese children (55.6% boys) aged 54–82 months and their parents. Children completed the Early Childhood Parental Acceptance–Rejection Questionnaire Mothers’ Short Form) and parents reported the children’s social and emotional skills using the Social Skills Rating System and the Emotion Regulation Checklist. Significant correlations between perceived maternal acceptance–rejection and children’s age and mothers’ education were found. Older children reported higher maternal rejection and children with lower educated mothers perceived less maternal warmth/affection. Moreover, hierarchical regression analysis showed that after controlling for children’s age and mothers’ education, maternal rejection contributes independently to children’s social skills, with children who perceive more maternal rejection showing fewer social skills. The findings suggest that families should be supported with more knowledge about the importance of expressing daily warmth to children in early childhood.
- Avaliação do impacto de um programa de educação sexual no primeiro ciclo de escolaridadePublication . Ferreira, Pedro Miguel; Fávero, Marisalva; DelCampo, AmaiaPretendeu-se com este estudo avaliar um programa de educação sexual (SEC) aplicado aos/às alunos/as do terceiro ano de escolaridade, que foi elaborado de acordo com a lei n.º 60/2009 em Portugal. O SEC é formado por cinco sessões. Para a avaliação do programa utilizamos metodologia qualitativa, com entrevista pré e pós aplicação do programa a dois grupos de alunos/as de oito e nove anos de idade: 16 do grupo experimental (participantes do SEC) e 11 do grupo de controle. As entrevistas foram analisadas através de análise de conteúdo.
- Beyond diagnosis: the relevance of social interactions for participation in inclusive preschool settingsPublication . Pinto, Ana I; Grande, Catarina; Coelho, Vera; Castro, Susana; Granlund, Mats; Björck-Åkesson, EvaPurpose: This study aims to explore the role of three specific factors within the child-environment interaction process - engagement, independence and social interactions - in influencing development and learning of children with disabilities in inclusive preschool settings. The main question is whether children can be categorised in homogenous groups based on engagement, independence and social interactions (proximal variables within a biopsychosocial framework of human development). The study also examined whether children with the same diagnosis would group together or separately, when trying to identify clusters of engagement, independence and social interactions, and additionally whether such clusters vary as a function of individual child characteristics, and/or as a function of structural and process characteristics of preschool environment. Methods: Data was taken from an intervention study conducted in mainstream preschools in Portugal. A person-centered cluster analysis was conducted to explore group membership of children with various diagnoses, based on their engagement, independence and social interaction profiles. Results: Results show that children clustered based on similarity of engagement, independence and social interaction patterns, rather than on diagnosis. Besides, it was found that quality of peer interaction was the only predictor of cluster membership. Conclusion: These findings support the argument that participation profiles may be more informative for intervention purposes than diagnostic categories, and that preschool process quality, namely peer interaction, is crucial for children's participation.
- Bridges Between Bipolar and Borderline Personality Disorders: Clarifying Comorbidity Through the Analysis of the Complex Network of Connections Between SymptomsPublication . Castro, Daniel; Ferreira, Filipa; Mendes, Ana Sofia; Ferreira, Tiago BentoThe reasons for the high rates of comorbidity between Bipolar (BD) and Borderline Personality (BPD) disorders remain elusive, due to the vast array of shared clinical features, which makes the differential diagnosis difficult. This constitutes an obstacle to provide quality of care services, which results in detrimental effects on individual’s mental health. The analysis of the complex network of connections between symptoms of both disorders is a promising pathway to uncover the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity structure of both disorders