Browsing by Author "Marnoto, Sandra"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 16
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Developing Entrepreneurship Skills in Children and TeenagersPublication . Marnoto, Sandra; Carvalho, João M. S.Entrepreneurship is commonly associated with economic growth and development. As such, there is vast literature on the topic concerning the entrepreneurship process, the entrepreneurs’ innate and acquired characteristics, and the process of teaching entrepreneurship, among other fundamental issues. The literature regarding entrepreneurship education, however, is mostly focused on adults. Yet, several studies positively relate to the probability of becoming an entrepreneur with familiar background, namely the existence of close relatives, such as parents or uncles/ aunts that are or have been entrepreneurs. This might suggest that stimuli during childhood and adolescence might have an important effect on the odds of an individual becoming an entrepreneur. Therefore, entrepreneurship education of young children and teenagers might be a relevant field of research. This paper aims to analyse how entrepreneurship is taught to children and teenagers at an international private school located in Porto, Portugal, that has an innovative approach with regard to this.
- ERASMUS STUDENTS IN PORTUGAL: THE PERCEPTION AND THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL CRISISPublication . Padrão, Maria Helena; Guerra, Inês; Marnoto, Sandra; Padrão, Reinaldo; Olivrita, ClementinaStudies on social representations already seem to be relatively common in the field of Social Sciences. However, the particular circumstances being experienced throughout Europe as a result of the international crisis seem to bring with it new possibilities for analysis. It is in this context that falls this present analysis in which are presented the preliminary results of a larger study on the perception and experience of Erasmus students in Portugal within the economic environment in which we live in. Thus, we intend to initially assess the extent the financial crisis has had impact on the motivations and expectations of those students, later to suggest an interpretative model of these results. From a conceptual standpoint, we supported this analysis in international studies and on migratory phenomena studies. In terms of methodology we chose to carry out a questionnaire then subjected to statistical analysis.
- Financing Social Entrepreneurship Franchising ApproachPublication . Carvalho, João M.S.; Marnoto, Sandra; Sousa, Célio A.A.Social organizations mainly cope with social problems that the markets and the states have trouble or even fail to solve and, therefore, social entrepreneurs have been emerging in different locations throughout the world (OECD, 2010). Instead of being driven by financial returns, social organizations are focused on creating social and/or cultural values and they are not moved by its appropriation (European Commission, 2013). Regardless of its non-profitable nature, a social enterprise needs to be financially sustainable, if it is to reach its social goals. However, it is well acknowledged that social organizations struggle to be financially independent through income generation (Zafareiropoulou & Koufopoulos, 2012). As an example, in a recent survey performed to NGO’s operating in Portugal (Project Entrance, 2018), social entrepreneurs have identified financing, as among the most critical problems they have to face. Therefore, social entrepreneurs must look for ingenious ways to solve their financial constraints. In this framework, social franchising has emerged as a strategy to overcome this problem. Moreover, franchising has also been adopted by non-profit organizations as a strategy for growth (Meuter, 2008). The alliance in a network of small social organizations allows them to gather the advantages of big organizations namely in terms of access to capital sources and rapid growth (Zafareiropoulou and Koufopoulos, 2012). However, in spite of the apparent auspicious solution it presents to social entrepreneurship, the franchising arrangements have been showing high failure rates in the social sector (Meuter, 2008).
- Imigração: implicações profissionais e socioculturaisPublication . Padrão, Helena; Santos, Inês Guerra; Arruela, Maria João; Marnoto, Sandra; Oliveira, Clementina; Padrão, ReinaldoEste estudo inscreve-se no âmbito do projecto intitulado “Imigração: implicações económicas, profissionais, socioculturais e linguísticas”. Uma vasta literatura empírica revela o fenómeno do despedimento no mercado de trabalho, sendo que os custos em termos de desemprego (incidência e duração) e de perdas salariais (magnitude e persistência) têm sido os aspectos mais estudados. Neste estudo procura-se compreender as consequências deste fenómeno na deslocalização dos recursos humanos de outros países para Portugal e avaliar a incidência dos imigrantes na região norte de Portugal, nomeadamente ajudar a clarificar os mecanismos de determinação das medidas de política económica. (sectores mais procurados, integração, interacções nas organizações). Com a descolonização e, mais tarde, com a integração na União Europeia, o tecido social e cultural sofreu profundas alterações. Portugal foi-se tornando país de acolhimento. Foi criada uma base de dados com informação sobre um conjunto significativo de empresas (distrito, concelho, actividade económica, natureza jurídica e forma de gestão), bem como informação individualizada sobre características do pessoal imigrante em serviço (sexo, idade, nível de escolaridade, nível de qualificação, profissão, remunerações, horas de trabalho). Optou-se por métodos quantitativos (foram desenhados e aplicados inquéritos) e qualitativos, por concordarmos com Stiles (1993, in Gonçalves, 2000), ao defender que a condensação da experiência humana em palavras é menos redutora que a sua simbolização em números. Na análise do conteúdo, optou-se pela análise da narrativa, método cada vez mais usado, nomeadamente no estudo de períodos específicos de transição de ciclo de vida (Farrel, Rosenberg & Rosenberg, 1993, in Zilber et al, 1998).
- Resource‐based view of city quality: Scales development and validationPublication . Carvalho, João M.S.; Costa, Ricardo V.; Marnoto, Sandra; Vieira, José Carvalho; Sousa, Célio A.A.As the urban world population grows steadily, cities have become the main habitat for human beings. Against this backdrop, city quality or the level of development of the city's habitat that ensures the satisfaction of objective and subjective human needs become a matter of growing inter est and concern for academics, policy makers, and citizens. Building on a resource‐based view of city quality, the aim of this paper is twofold. First, it proposes and validates scales for six city sub‐habitats: political, economic, social, natural, artificial, and technological. Second, it tests a model and the underlying hypothesis about the ranking of those sub‐ habitats and of the perceived controversy regarding deci sion making upon them. For those purposes, a survey of 768 city inhabitants was conducted in Portugal to measure city quality and their sub‐habitats. Both the predicted ranking of importance of the sub‐habitats and the perceived ranking of controversy were empirically validated. The results consti tute a novel and important contribution to understand city quality and its sub‐habitats, whose conceptual power relies on hierarchized factors linked to citizens’ happiness and to the level of controversy of the solutions.
- Resource‐based view of city quality: Scales development and validationPublication . Carvalho, João M. S.; Costa, Ricardo V.; Marnoto, Sandra; Vieira, José Carvalho; Sousa, Célio A. A.
- Resource‐based view of city quality: Scales development and validationPublication . Carvalho, João M. S.; Costa, Ricardo V.; Marnoto, Sandra; Vieira, José Carvalho; Sousa, Célio A. A.
- Social and psychological product value perceptionsPublication . Carvalho, João M.S.; Marnoto, Sandra; Sousa, Célio A.A.The distributed value is perceived by the customer as the difference between the total value and the total cost of the product (good, service, idea, information, experience), also corresponding to the perceived value of use of the product, which includes experiences, sensations and mental states. Note that the total cost to the customer comprises all types of costs, financial (price, ability to pay, opportunity cost) and non-financial costs (physical, psychological and social aspects related to the use of the product, such as accessibility, embarrassment, usability, etc.), in which he expects to incur to evaluate, obtain and use the product.
- SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS: INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN PORTUGAL PERCEPTIONS OF THE HOST COUNTRY DEPENDING ON THEIR COUNTRY OF ORIGINPublication . Padrão, Maria Helena; Guerra, Inês; Marnoto, Sandra; Padrão, Reinaldo; Oliveira, ClementinaThis study intends to be an extension of another, already published in 2012 titled "ERASMUS students in Portugal: The perception and the impact of international crisis." However, even if both studies remain in the domain of social representations, what we propose is a comparative analysis of how international students in Portugal look at the host country depending on being, or not being, from Latin countries. In methodological terms, we decided to construct a questionnaire that was subjected to statistical analysis. We present some comments on the evolution of the Portuguese economy, before and after the crisis, and on the importance of EU policies to improve the perception of European values among students.
- SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS: INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN PORTUGAL PERCEPTIONS OF THE HOST COUNTRY DEPENDING ON THEIR COUNTRY OF ORIGINPublication . Padrão, Helena; Guerra, Inês; Marnoto, Sandra; Padrão, Reinaldo; Oliveira, ClementinaThis study intends to be an extension of another, already published in 2012 titled "ERASMUS students in Portugal: The perception and the impact of international crisis." However, even if both studies remain in the domain of social representations, what we propose is a comparative analysis of how international students in Portugal look at the host country depending on being, or not being, from Latin countries. In methodological terms, we decided to construct a questionnaire that was subjected to statistical analysis. We present some comments on the evolution of the Portuguese economy, before and after the crisis, and on the importance of EU policies to improve the perception of European values among students.