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- Escolhas Intertemporais e Comportamento Desviante: Breve Nota sobre Quatro Décadas de EstudosPublication . Moreira, Diana; Almeida, Fernando; Pinto, Marta; Barros, Susana; Barbosa, FernandoEscolhas intertemporais (EIs) são escolhas que envolvem trocas entre custos e benefícios que ocorrem em diferentes momentos no tempo. O primeiro objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um enquadramento conceptual das EIs, nomeadamente a base teórica do desconto e as funções de desconto (utilidade descontada, desconto quase-hiperbólico e desconto hiperbólico), concluindo com uma breve descrição dos padrões de preferência nas EIs (o efeito de diferimento, o efeito de magnitude, o efeito de sinal, e a assimetria atraso- adiantamento). Em segundo lugar, pretendemos apresentar um resumo das opções metodológicas na investigação sobre EIs, em particular, as diferenças relativamente às modalidades de recompensa, intervalos de atraso, e tentativas de manipular o desconto diferido. Finalmente, salientamos a relevância da investigação sobre EIs para o estudo do comportamento antissocial e desviante.
- Vivências de Mulheres Brasileiras nos Serviços de Saúde MaternaPublication . Topa, J.B.; Nogueira, C.; Neves, S.O número de mulheres a viver a maternidade em contexto multicultural e migratório é, atualmente, uma realidade com uma expressão reconhecida. Todavia, o conhecimento em torno da qualidade e da eficácia do acesso das imigrantes aos cuidados de saúde, é ainda diminuto em Portugal (Fonseca et al., 2007). Situado em pressupostos teóricos e epistemológicos críticos oferecidos pelo construcionismo social, o presente estudo, de natureza qualitativa, pretendeu analisar e caracterizar, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, os discursos, perceções e vivências de dez mulheres brasileiras que estavam grávidas e/ou foram mães em Portugal acerca dos cuidados de saúde materno-infantis recebidos no país.
- Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship: The Case of Porto RegionPublication . Carvalho, João M. S.This chapter provides a summarized and objective review over the relationships among innovation, social innovation, entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, new business models (NBM), and product (good, service, idea) value and sustainability (economic, social, ecological, and psychological). A study has been done in Porto region through interviews with 13 social innovators and entrepreneurs, in order to evaluate those relationships. The conceptual base for analysis is the theories developed by Jonker (2012) and Carvalho & Jonker (2015). It has been concluded that market-oriented social innovation has a crucial role in the development social entrepreneurship. Moreover, these NBM should be adjusted to population needs towards societal well-being, by combining creation of shared value, co-creation of value, and multiple value creation. Thus, the value set (social innovation) contributes to economic, social, ecological, and psychological sustainability, and consequently to human, social and territorial development.
- Effect of hand paddles and parachute on backstroke coordination and stroke parametersPublication . Telles, Thiago; Barroso, Renato; Figueiredo, Pedro; Salgueiro, Diego Fortes de Souza; Vilas-Boas, João Paulo; Junior, Orival AndriesHand paddles and parachutes have been used in order to overload swimmers, and consequently increase the propulsive force generation in swimming. However, their use may affect not only kinematical parameters (average speed, stroke length and stroke rate), but also time gaps between propulsive phases, assessed through the index of coordination (IdC). The objective of this study was to assess the effects of hand paddles and parachute use, isolated or combined, on kinematical parameters and coordination. Eleven swimmers (backstroke 50-m time: 29.16 ± 1.43 s) performed four 15-m trials in a randomised order at maximal intensity: (1) without implements (FREE), (2) with hand paddles (HPD), (3) with parachute (PCH) and (4) with hand paddles plus parachute (HPD+PCH). All trials were video-recorded (60 Hz) in order to assess average speed, stroke rate, stroke length, five stroke phases and index of coordination. When average swimming speed was compared to FREE, it was lower in PCH and HPD+PCH, and higher in HPD. Stroke rate decreased in all overloaded trials compared to FREE. The use of hand paddles and parachute increased and decreased stroke length, respectively. In addition, propulsive phase duration was increased when hand paddles were used, and time gaps shifted towards zero (no time gap), especially when hand paddles were combined with parachute. It is conceivable that the combined use of hand paddles and parachute, once allowing overloading both propulsive and resistive forces, provides a specific stimulus to improve muscle strength and propulsive continuity.
- The Diving Bell and the ButterflyPublication . Sousa, Célio A. A.; Hendriks, Paul H. J.This article addresses the methodology that can be applied when researching the field of academic research management, in which the adoption of a knowledge-based view (KBV) is especially appropriate. In particular, it discusses whether the adoption of a grounded theory approach (GTA) in this type of research is justifiable, given the contested character of the KBV constituents. GTA, so it is argued, is especially useful for nvestigating such a field because of three interrelated arguments: (a) that KBV and related debates provide insufficient theoretical guidance, (b) that the research managers’ experience and viewpoints should form the basis of theory development and relevancy, and (c) that the concepts of knowledge and management are obscure. Adopting a GTA does not completely remove the KBV perspective from the methodological discussions. Instead, it may be useful for modifying the GTA outcomes, thus engendering theoretical plausibility, applicability, and credibility.
- Empreendedorismo SéniorPublication . Carvalho, João M. S.
- Inovação & Empreendedorismo - Ideia, Informação, Implementação, ImpactoPublication . Carvalho, João M. S.
- The noise exposure of workers of the footwear industryPublication . Sá, Maria Manuel; Machado, O.; Azevedo, Rui; Tavares, J.
- Developing Entrepreneurship Skills in Children and TeenagersPublication . Marnoto, Sandra; Carvalho, João M. S.Entrepreneurship is commonly associated with economic growth and development. As such, there is vast literature on the topic concerning the entrepreneurship process, the entrepreneurs’ innate and acquired characteristics, and the process of teaching entrepreneurship, among other fundamental issues. The literature regarding entrepreneurship education, however, is mostly focused on adults. Yet, several studies positively relate to the probability of becoming an entrepreneur with familiar background, namely the existence of close relatives, such as parents or uncles/ aunts that are or have been entrepreneurs. This might suggest that stimuli during childhood and adolescence might have an important effect on the odds of an individual becoming an entrepreneur. Therefore, entrepreneurship education of young children and teenagers might be a relevant field of research. This paper aims to analyse how entrepreneurship is taught to children and teenagers at an international private school located in Porto, Portugal, that has an innovative approach with regard to this.
- Treino desportivo e visualização mentalPublication . Ribeiro, Joana; Dias, Cláudia; Corte-Real, Nuno; Fonseca, António Manuel