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O Contacto no Acolhimento Familiar: Novelos do passado, linhas do presente, laços do futuro
Publication . Bertão, Ana; Ferreira, M.; Oliveira, J.; Carvalho, João M. S.
O acolhimento familiar constitui, na maioria dos países ocidentais, a primeira e a mais
expressiva resposta de colocação de crianças que são retiradas às suas famílias
biológicas, proporcionando-lhes um contexto familiar estável, decisivo para o seu
processo de desenvolvimento. Neste processo ganha especial importância o contacto
com as famílias de origem, quando daí não resulte qualquer dano para a criança, de
forma a mitigar sentimentos de abandono e de rejeição e preparar a reunificação
familiar, se tal for possível e desejável. Em Portugal, o acolhimento familiar encontrase
institucionalizado desde a década de setenta do século passado e constitui-se
como uma medida residual, verificando-se inclusivamente um decréscimo da aplicação
da medida nos últimos anos.
Esta comunicação tem como objetivo contextualizar brevemente esta medida de
proteção à infância e apresentar os contornos metodológicos, bem como os primeiros
resultados, do Projeto de Investigação “O Contacto no acolhimento familiar: padrões,
resultados e modelos de gestão”. É necessário construir conhecimento acerca do
contacto entre famílias e crianças em acolhimento familiar, nomeadamente ao nível da
identificação dos autores das visitas, dos locais onde ocorrem, da determinação da
sua frequência e das reações emocionais e comportamentais da criança após as
visitas. Mas este conhecimento deverá ser útil ao desenvolvimento dos sujeitos,
resultando dele a transformação dos contextos mais vulneráveis e ficando disponível
para a avaliação da medida do acolhimento familiar.
Decisão de retirada, acolhimento e reunificação: A perspetiva dos estudantes portugueses das ciências sociais e humanas.
Publication . Martins, Teresa; Carvalho, João M. S.; Delgado, Paulo
Perante contextos familiares de negligência ou maus-tratos, o Estado interfere para
salvaguardar o desenvolvimento e o bem-estar da criança ou jovem em perigo. Este estudo
propõe-se compreender as representações que 200 estudantes do Ensino Superior, das áreas
das Ciências Sociais e Humanas, têm sobre o sistema de proteção. Conclui-se que os estudantes
são mais favoráveis à retirada da criança ou jovem com preferência pela institucionalização face
ao acolhimento familiar. Este facto é um sinal de alerta para a necessidade de uma formação
inicial mais abrangente e integradora das várias respostas possíveis, para que se possa
privilegiar, de facto, o superior interesse da criança.
Social Responsibility, Corporate Citizenship Scale and Core Organizational Stakeholder Impact – A Case Study
Publication . Carvalho, João M. S.; Carvalho, Nuno
In a scenario of globalization, social inequality, environmental degradation, and an increased demand from consumers and/or clients, companies had to rethink their behaviours, focusing on taking more socially responsible decisions. In this research, the main theme is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), which has been analysed in its origin, conceptual evolution, and the development of measure tools associated to this concept. The empirical study was carried out in a Portuguese information technology company, through the application of two measure instruments - Corporate Citizenship Core Scale and Core Organizational Stakeholder Impact - reaching out the conclusion that its employees perceive the legal dimension of social responsibility as the one that has more prominent features, as well as the existence of an insufficient positive impact on stakeholders, both internal and external. The use of these measure tools can help raise awareness among managers for the gaps in the way they relate to stakeholders, allowing adjustments in companies’ behaviour and strategic directions, leading to greater business success and a better social welfare.
Developing Entrepreneurship Skills in Children and Teenagers
Publication . Marnoto, Sandra; Carvalho, João M. S.
Entrepreneurship is commonly associated with economic growth and development.
As such, there is vast literature on the topic concerning the entrepreneurship process,
the entrepreneurs’ innate and acquired characteristics, and the process of teaching
entrepreneurship, among other fundamental issues. The literature regarding
entrepreneurship education, however, is mostly focused on adults. Yet, several studies
positively relate to the probability of becoming an entrepreneur with familiar background,
namely the existence of close relatives, such as parents or uncles/ aunts that are or have
been entrepreneurs. This might suggest that stimuli during childhood and adolescence
might have an important effect on the odds of an individual becoming an entrepreneur.
Therefore, entrepreneurship education of young children and teenagers might be a
relevant field of research. This paper aims to analyse how entrepreneurship is taught to
children and teenagers at an international private school located in Porto, Portugal, that
has an innovative approach with regard to this.
Decisão, risco e incerteza: retirada ou reunificação de crianças e jovens em perigo?
Publication . Delgado, Paulo; Carvalho, João M. S.; Pinto, Vânia; Martins, Teresa
This study aims to better understand what influences and determines decisions
in contexts characterized by complexity and uncertainty, and contributes to the development
of recommendations for practice. Based on the work of Davidson-Arad and
Benbenishty (2008, 2010), we intended to understand how students from higher education,
in scientific areas related to professions involved in decision making processes of children
and young people at risk individual care plan, would decide in the presence of a specific case
with different scenarios. Participated in the study 200 university students from different regions
of Portugal. We used a factorial design (2×2) that involved a questionnaire vignette
with four versions. The questionnaire describes the case of a child suspected of being a victim
of violence and requires the students to make a decision about the kind of intervention
that should be applied in that moment. In addition they must also decide, if the child
was removed from her home, whether or not the child should be reunited with the biological
family after two years. Among the key findings we highlight the fact that students recognized
the risk posed to the child as suffering significant physical and emotional harm.
Nevertheless, most decided in favour of an intervention with the biological family, avoiding
the removal of the child from their life context. However, in the case of a decision favouring
foster care, the majority of the students considered that the child should remain with
the foster family when they were asked to reassess the case after two years. It is noted, with
statistical significance, that the decision was influenced at first by the agreement or not of
the mother to withdrawal and secondly by the child’s desire to be reunited or not with the
birth family. We concluded that the development of professional evaluation criteria and
decision making should be addressed by including in the curriculum of higher education
programmes in the field of child protection, the study of the criteria for the withdrawal, the
conditions for the reunification and the advantages of involving the child and the biological
family in the intervention.
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Funding agency
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Funding programme
5876
Funding Award Number
UID/SOC/04647/2013