Browsing by Author "Viana, João L."
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- Accelerated decline in quadriceps area and Timed Up and Go test performance are associated with hip fracture risk in older adults with impaired kidney functionPublication . Marques, Elisa A.; Elbejjani, Martine; Viana, João L.; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Sigurdsson, Gunnar; Lang, Thomas; Sigurdsson, Sigurdur; Aspelund, Thor; Siggeirsdottir, Kristin; Launer, Lenore; Eiriksdottir, Gudny; Harris, Tamara B.This study aimed to examine whether an accelerated decline in quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), attenuation (a surrogate of quality), and strength, as well as lower limb muscular function, are associated with hip fractures in older adults with impaired kidney function.
- A Critical Review of Exercise Training in Hemodialysis Patients: Personalized Activity Prescriptions Are NeededPublication . Wilund, Kenneth R.; Viana, João L.; Perez, Luis M.Exercise training appears to have modest or inconsistent benefits in hemodialysis patients. This may be due to the low volume and intensity of exercise often prescribed. To address this, research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of individualized exercise prescriptions as a component of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention strategy that gives patients more autonomy to choose preferred types of physical activity.
- Does Warm-Up Have a Beneficial Effect on 100-m Freestyle?Publication . Neiva, Henrique P.; Marques, Mario C.; Fernandes, Ricardo J.; Viana, João L.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Marinho, Daniel A.To investigate the effect of warm-up on 100-m swimming performance.
- Effects of 10min vs. 20min passive rest after warm-up on 100m freestyle time-trial performance: A randomized crossover studyPublication . Neiva, Henrique P.; Marques, Mário C.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Izquierdo, Mikel; Viana, João L.; Marinho, Daniel A.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 10min vs. 20min passive rest post warm-up on performance in a 100m freestyle time-trial.
- Effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on physical function, bone mineral density, OPG and RANKL in older womenPublication . Marques, Elisa A.; Wanderley, Flávia; Machado, Leandro; Sousa, Filipa; Viana, João L.; Moreira-Gonçalves, Daniel; Moreira, Pedro; Mota, Jorge; Carvalho, JoanaThis study compared the effects of a resistance training protocol and a moderate-impact aerobic training protocol on bone mineral density (BMD), physical ability, serum osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) levels. Seventy-one older women were randomly assigned to resistance exercise (RE), aerobic exercise (AE) or a control group (CON). Both interventions were conducted 3 times per week for 8 months. Outcome measures included proximal femur BMD, muscle strength, balance, body composition, serum OPG, and RANKL levels. Potential confounding variables included dietary intake, accelerometer-based physical activity (PA), and molecularly defined lactase nonpersistence. After 8 months, only RE group exhibited increases in BMD at the trochanter (2.9%) and total hip (1.5%), and improved body composition. Both RE and AE groups improved balance. No significant changes were observed in OPG and RANKL levels, and OPG/RANKL ratio. Lactase nonpersistence was not associated with BMD changes. No group differences were observed in baseline values or change in dietary intakes and daily PA. Data suggest that 8 months of RE may be more effective than AE for inducing favourable changes in BMD and muscle strength, whilst both interventions demonstrate to protect against the functional balance control that is strongly related to fall risk.
- Evidence for Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Exercise in CKDPublication . Viana, João L.; Kosmadakis, George C.; Watson, Emma L.; Bevington, Alan; Feehally, John; Bishop, Nicolette C.; Smith, Alice C.CKD is associated with a complex state of immune dysfunction characterized by immune depression, predisposing patients to infections, and immune activation, resulting in inflammation that associates with higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Physical exercise may enhance immune function and exert anti-inflammatory effects, but such effects are unclear in CKD. We investigated the separate effects of acute and regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on neutrophil degranulation (elastase release), activation of T lymphocytes (CD69 expression) and monocytes (CD86 and HLA-DR expression), and plasma inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-10, soluble TNF-receptors, and C-reactive protein) in patients with predialysis CKD. A single 30-minute (acute) bout of walking induced a normal pattern of leukocyte mobilization and had no effect on T-lymphocyte and monocyte activation but improved neutrophil responsiveness to a bacterial challenge in the postexercise period. Furthermore, acute exercise induced a systemic anti-inflammatory environment, evidenced by a marked increase in plasma IL-10 levels (peaked at 1 hour postexercise), that was most likely mediated by increased plasma IL-6 levels (peaked immediately postexercise). Six months of regular walking exercise (30 min/d for 5 times/wk) exerted anti-inflammatory effects (reduction in the ratio of plasma IL-6 to IL-10 levels) and a downregulation of T-lymphocyte and monocyte activation, but it had no effect on circulating immune cell numbers or neutrophil degranulation responses. Renal function, proteinuria, and BP were also unaffected. These findings provide compelling evidence that walking exercise is safe with regard to immune and inflammatory responses and has the potential to be an effective anti-inflammatory therapy in predialysis CKD.
- Exploring the Effects of Playing Formations on Tactical Behavior and External Workload During Football Small-Sided GamesPublication . Baptista, Jorge; Travassos, Bruno; Gonçalves, Bruno; Mourão, Paulo; Viana, João L.; Sampaio, JaimeBaptista, J, Travassos, B, Gonçalves, B, Mourão, P, Viana, JL, and Sampaio, J. Exploring the effects of playing formations on tactical behavior and external workload during football small-sided games. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 2024-2030, 2020-This study aimed to identify the effects of playing formations on tactical behavior and external workload during football small-sided games. Twenty-three semiprofessional footballers integrated 3 different playing formations in a 7-a-side small-sided game, according to their specific player positions: team 4:3:0 (4 defenders and 3 midfielders); team 4:1:2 (4 defenders, 1 midfielder, and 2 forwards); and team 0:4:3 (4 midfielders and 3 forwards). Based on players' movement trajectories, the following individual and collective tactical variables were calculated: total distance covered and distance covered while walking, jogging, running, and sprinting, distance from each player to both own-team centroid and opponent-team centroid, individual area, team length, team width, and surface area. Approximate entropy was computed to identify the regularity of each variable. The team 4:3:0 promoted players' space exploration with moderate physical efforts. The team 4:1:2 promoted compactness and regularity of the team with increase in the physical efforts. The team 0:4:3 promoted team balance and adaptability on space coverage with increase in physical efforts. Concluding, different playing formations support different game dynamics, and variations on external load were directly linked with the variations on tactical behavior. The analysis of tactical behavior through quantification of variability of patterns of play and quantification of distance covered at different velocities were the most useful information for the analysis of the effects of practice task manipulations. Therefore, in a practical sense, strength and conditioning coaches should plan and monitor these tasks in interaction with the head coaches.
- Impact of a supervised multicomponent physical exercise program on cognitive functions in patients with type 2 diabetesPublication . Leite, Nilton João Chantre; Mendes, Romeu Duarte Carneiro; Raimundo, Armando Manuel Mendonça; Pinho, Cristina; Viana, João L.; Marmeleira, José Francisco FilipeThis study evaluated the impact of a multicomponent exercise program on cognitive functions in participants with Type 2 Diabetes. Participants (n = 70, 65.6 ± 5.9 years) engaged in the program (75 min per session; 3 x week) for 32 weeks. A battery of cognitive tests was performed at baseline and study completion. Two groups were formed according to their attendance rate (low and high attendance), and statistical comparisons were computed on their changes in cognitive performance. Such changes were also associated with the attendance rate for all participants. Results showed no significant differences between groups in their change scores, although there were some within-group differences in both groups. Correlation analysis showed that the attendance rate was not associated with cognitive performance changes, except for one variable. As the exercise program did not improve cognitive function, we discuss the potential of future interventions to incorporate dual-task activities merging physical and cognitive stimulation.
- Impact of physical activity and exercise on bone health in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review of observational and experimental studiesPublication . Cardoso, Daniela F.; Marques, Elisa A.; Leal, Diogo V.; Ferreira, Aníbal; Baker, Luke A.; Smith, Alice C.; Viana, João L.Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients frequently develop life-impairing bone mineral disorders. Despite the reported impact of exercise on bone health, systematic reviews of the evidence are lacking. This review examines the association of both physical activity (PA) and the effects of different exercise interventions with bone outcomes in CKD.
- Intradialytic isometric handgrip exercise does not cause hemodynamic instability: A randomized, cross‐over , pilot studyPublication . Ribeiro, Heitor S.; Cunha, Vinícius A.; Baiao, Victor M.; Almeida, Lucas S.; Dourado, Gustavo Í.; Carvalho, Helton L.; Duarte, Marvery P.; Inda‐Filho, Antônio; Viana, João L.; Nóbrega, Otávio T.; Ferreira, Aparecido P.Hemodialysis (HD) patients experience hemodynamic instability and intradialytic exercise seems to attenuate it. This study aimed to verify the acute hemodynamic response to different intradialytic handgrip exercise intensities in HD patients. In a randomized, cross-over, experimental pilot study, eight patients completed two experimental sessions and one control in random order: (a) regular HD; (b) low-intensity isometric handgrip exercise; and (c) moderate-intensity isometric handgrip exercise. BP and heart rate variability were recorded immediately before and every 15 minutes. Isometric handgrip exercise protocols, regardless of the intensity, did not lead to significant changes in hemodynamic stability, nor when compared to the control condition (P > .05). The systolic BP and double product significantly increased immediately after the moderate-intensity protocol (122.0 ± 15.9 vs 131.3 ± 19.8, P < .05; 9094.7 ± 1705.7 vs 9783.0 ± 1947.9, P < .05, respectively) but returned to the pre-exercise values 10 minutes later. We conclude that intradialytic isometric handgrip exercise does not induce hemodynamic instability at low and moderate intensities.