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- Associations of 24-hour sleep duration and CT-derived measurements of muscle and bone: The AGES-Reykjavik StudyPublication . Marques, Elisa A.; Figueiredo, Pedro; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Lang, Thomas; Sigurdsson, Gunnar; Sigurdsson, Sigurdur; Aspelund, Thor; Siggeirsdottir, Kristin; Launer, Lenore; Eiriksdottir, Gudny; Harris, Tamara B.Although the importance of sleep on preservation of several physiological functions is well known, the relationship with the two interconnected tissues - muscle and bone is less understood.
- How and when immersion and distancing are useful in emotion focused therapy for depressionPublication . Barbosa, Eunice; Silva, Sara; Pinto-Gouveia, José; Salgado, JoãoObjective: The potential benefit or harm of immersion (egocentric perspective) and distancing (observer perspective) on negative experiences are unclear and have not been empirically investigated in therapy. This is a first exploratory study aimed to analyze and compare the perspectives adopted on reflection (immersion and distancing) of negative experiences across therapy and the relationship between them and depressive symptoms in contrasting therapeutic outcomes of emotion-focused therapy (EFT). Method: Three good-outcomes cases and three poor-outcomes cases of EFT, diagnosed with mild to moderate depression at the beginning of therapy, were randomly selected. Immersion and distancing on negative experiences were analyzed using the measure of immersed and distanced speech. The depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Results: Significant differences across sessions were only found in the good-outcome cases which showed a significant decrease of immersion and an increase of distancing, and this evolution pattern was found related to the reduction of symptoms. Moreover, at the beginning of therapy, distancing was higher in the poor-outcome cases rather than in the good-outcome cases. Conclusion: The progressive and significant evolution from higher immersion at the initial phase to higher distancing in the final phase may be helpful in EFT for depression.
- Female Delinquency in Portugal: What Girls Have to Say About Their Offending BehaviorsPublication . Duarte, Vera; de Carvalho, Maria João LeoteThis paper presents a dialogue between two qualitative research Ph.D. projects concerning girls who are involved in delinquent practices in Portugal. Our aim is to extend the debate concerning different dimensions of female delinquency in childhood and youth. This paper is focused on the analysis of girls’ explanations and understandings of their offending behaviors obtained through interviews—a methodology common to both doctoral studies. Conducting research in two different contexts—the Portuguese juvenile justice system and social housing neighborhoods— the authors explore interview data from twenty-six pre-adolescent girls, aged 7–18 years old, from various sites around the country, who have in common their disadvantaged socio-economic origins and the type of the delinquent practices they committed. Regardless of age, these girls shared similar perspectives on their involvement in delinquency, which were explained by the familial and social experiences that facilitated their offending behaviors. The transmission of delinquent values took place essentially within the female family circle or via their female peers. Delinquency was not seen by the girls as a rejection of their femininity and gender roles, nor as a resource for performing masculinity—on the contrary, different femininities were identified and risk and experimentation underpinned the girls’ practices. Discussing the contexts in which the girls emerge as aggressors allows the social dynamics which still make many of them victims even more visible.
- Stability and change in teacher-infant interaction quality over timePublication . Pessanha, Manuela; Peixoto, Carla; Barros, Sílvia; Cadima, Joana; Pinto, Ana Isabel; Coelho, Vera; Bryant, Donna M.Given that an increasing number of infants spend part of the day in center-based childcare in many countries, understanding infants’ education and care experiences in these settings is essential. The aims of this study are to examine change in teacher-infant interaction quality over time, and to determine the extent to which teacher and classroom structural characteristics are associated with change in teacherinfantinteraction quality. Ninety infant childcare classrooms from the greater metropolitan area of Porto, Portugal, participated in this study. Each classroom was observed twice (6-month interval between Time 1 and Time 2) by trained and reliable observers using the Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale – Revised (ITERS-R; Harms et al., 2006), the Classroom Assessment Scoring System – Infant (CLASS-Infant; Hamre et al., 2014), and the Caregiver Interaction Scale (CIS; Arnett, 1989). Additionally, teachers provided demographic information aboutthemselves and structural characteristics ofthe classroom. Overall results indicated that the quality of teacher-infant interactions changed over time, with a general trend toward lower quality at Time 2. The increase in infant:adult ratio from Time 1 to Time 2 was an important predictor of process quality levels at Time 2, after controlling for prior quality and other structural characteristics. These findings can be informative for policymaking as group size and number of adults per classroom are regulated features of childcare in many countries, including Portugal
- MEMBER´S RETENTION IN FITNESS: CONTRIBUTION OF THE QUALITY OF SERVICES, EXPECTATIONS, SATISFACTION IN LIFE AND IN THE CLUBPublication . Gonçalves, Celina; Sousa, Marisa; Paipe, Gustavo; Carvalho, Maria José
- Biophysical Determinants of Front-Crawl Swimming at Moderate and Severe IntensitiesPublication . Ribeiro, João; Toubekis, Argyris G.; Figueiredo, Pedro; de Jesus, Kelly; Toussaint, Huub M.; Alves, Francisco; Vilas-Boas, João P.; Fernandes, Ricardo J.To conduct a biophysical analysis of the factors associated with front-crawl performance at moderate and severe swimming intensities, represented by anaerobic-threshold (vAnT) and maximal-oxygen-uptake (vV̇O2max) velocities.
- Carers and Professionals’ Perspectives on Foster Care Outcomes: The Role of ContactPublication . Delgado, Paulo; Carvalho, João M. S.; Pinto, Vânia; Oliveira, JoanaThis study investigates the association between the contact of children or young people in care with their family, and the foster care placement evaluation (positive or negative) in Portugal. According to the perspectives of foster carers and service professionals’ perceptions regarding children and young people’s reactions, during and after the visits, are measured. Utilizing a quantitative approach, two fostering services teams and 140 foster carers completed questionnaires, which had 212 children in common. Results indicated that despite the importance of continued contact, especially for children and their parents, it was not determined to be essential to long-term placement. On one hand, there was the perception that a high percentage of children expressed positive reactions during and after the visit, while on the other hand, this didn’t influence the perception of placement success. This study also showed significant differences between foster carers’ and the professionals’ perceptions on several dimensions of foster care, especially the children’s reactions during visits. These differences need to be further analyzed in future research and the outcomes used to help improve contact management.
- Satisfaction of users in the university context: a case study of aquatic activities of UPFit ProgramPublication . Sousa, Sandra Marisa Cardoso; Gonçalves, Celina; Araújo, Carla Rocha; Carvalho, Maria José