Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 206
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Impact of physical activity and exercise on bone health in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review of observational and experimental studiesPublication . Cardoso, Daniela F.; Marques, Elisa A.; Leal, Diogo V.; Ferreira, Aníbal; Baker, Luke A.; Smith, Alice C.; Viana, João L.Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients frequently develop life-impairing bone mineral disorders. Despite the reported impact of exercise on bone health, systematic reviews of the evidence are lacking. This review examines the association of both physical activity (PA) and the effects of different exercise interventions with bone outcomes in CKD.
- Exploring the Effects of Playing Formations on Tactical Behavior and External Workload During Football Small-Sided GamesPublication . Baptista, Jorge; Travassos, Bruno; Gonçalves, Bruno; Mourão, Paulo; Viana, João L.; Sampaio, JaimeBaptista, J, Travassos, B, Gonçalves, B, Mourão, P, Viana, JL, and Sampaio, J. Exploring the effects of playing formations on tactical behavior and external workload during football small-sided games. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 2024-2030, 2020-This study aimed to identify the effects of playing formations on tactical behavior and external workload during football small-sided games. Twenty-three semiprofessional footballers integrated 3 different playing formations in a 7-a-side small-sided game, according to their specific player positions: team 4:3:0 (4 defenders and 3 midfielders); team 4:1:2 (4 defenders, 1 midfielder, and 2 forwards); and team 0:4:3 (4 midfielders and 3 forwards). Based on players' movement trajectories, the following individual and collective tactical variables were calculated: total distance covered and distance covered while walking, jogging, running, and sprinting, distance from each player to both own-team centroid and opponent-team centroid, individual area, team length, team width, and surface area. Approximate entropy was computed to identify the regularity of each variable. The team 4:3:0 promoted players' space exploration with moderate physical efforts. The team 4:1:2 promoted compactness and regularity of the team with increase in the physical efforts. The team 0:4:3 promoted team balance and adaptability on space coverage with increase in physical efforts. Concluding, different playing formations support different game dynamics, and variations on external load were directly linked with the variations on tactical behavior. The analysis of tactical behavior through quantification of variability of patterns of play and quantification of distance covered at different velocities were the most useful information for the analysis of the effects of practice task manipulations. Therefore, in a practical sense, strength and conditioning coaches should plan and monitor these tasks in interaction with the head coaches.
- Impact of a supervised multicomponent physical exercise program on cognitive functions in patients with type 2 diabetesPublication . Leite, Nilton João Chantre; Mendes, Romeu Duarte Carneiro; Raimundo, Armando Manuel Mendonça; Pinho, Cristina; Viana, João L.; Marmeleira, José Francisco FilipeThis study evaluated the impact of a multicomponent exercise program on cognitive functions in participants with Type 2 Diabetes. Participants (n = 70, 65.6 ± 5.9 years) engaged in the program (75 min per session; 3 x week) for 32 weeks. A battery of cognitive tests was performed at baseline and study completion. Two groups were formed according to their attendance rate (low and high attendance), and statistical comparisons were computed on their changes in cognitive performance. Such changes were also associated with the attendance rate for all participants. Results showed no significant differences between groups in their change scores, although there were some within-group differences in both groups. Correlation analysis showed that the attendance rate was not associated with cognitive performance changes, except for one variable. As the exercise program did not improve cognitive function, we discuss the potential of future interventions to incorporate dual-task activities merging physical and cognitive stimulation.
- As relações entre a liderança, compensações e motivação dos colaboradores no setor da indústriaPublication . Garrido, Mónica PatríciaA liderança tem sido evidenciada como a capacidade de influenciar ou inspirar outras pessoas para que estas queiram fazer algo que precisa de ser feito, interligando processos relativos à motivação por via das compensações. Neste sentido, quais serão os fatores associados à liderança e às compensações financeiras que se relacionam com a motivação dos trabalhadores? No presente estudo analisou-se as relações entre os estilos de liderança, as compensações, e a motivação de colaboradores na área da indústria. Participaram no estudo 210 colaboradores, maioritariamente do género masculino (F = 99; M = 111) e com uma média de idade de 28.58 anos (DP = 10.10). No geral, os resultados evidenciam relações significativas entre a liderança transformacional com a motivação intrínseca e extrínseca. A liderança transacional relaciona-se positivamente com a retribuição e com a motivação extrínseca, e a retribuição associa-se positivamente com a motivação intrínseca e extrínseca.
- Response of the oxygen uptake efficiency slope to exercise training in patients with chronic kidney diseasePublication . Wilkinson, Thomas J.; Watson, Emma L.; Vadaszy, Noemi; Baker, Luke A.; Viana, João L.; Smith, Alice C.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have poor cardiorespiratory fitness. Although cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a universal assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness, values taken at 'peak' effort are strongly influenced by motivation and the choice of test endpoint. The oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) integrates cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, and respiratory function into a single index to provide a more pragmatic and safer alternative to maximal testing. No research has explored whether exercise can improve the OUES in CKD patients.
- Intradialytic isometric handgrip exercise does not cause hemodynamic instability: A randomized, cross‐over , pilot studyPublication . Ribeiro, Heitor S.; Cunha, Vinícius A.; Baiao, Victor M.; Almeida, Lucas S.; Dourado, Gustavo Í.; Carvalho, Helton L.; Duarte, Marvery P.; Inda‐Filho, Antônio; Viana, João L.; Nóbrega, Otávio T.; Ferreira, Aparecido P.Hemodialysis (HD) patients experience hemodynamic instability and intradialytic exercise seems to attenuate it. This study aimed to verify the acute hemodynamic response to different intradialytic handgrip exercise intensities in HD patients. In a randomized, cross-over, experimental pilot study, eight patients completed two experimental sessions and one control in random order: (a) regular HD; (b) low-intensity isometric handgrip exercise; and (c) moderate-intensity isometric handgrip exercise. BP and heart rate variability were recorded immediately before and every 15 minutes. Isometric handgrip exercise protocols, regardless of the intensity, did not lead to significant changes in hemodynamic stability, nor when compared to the control condition (P > .05). The systolic BP and double product significantly increased immediately after the moderate-intensity protocol (122.0 ± 15.9 vs 131.3 ± 19.8, P < .05; 9094.7 ± 1705.7 vs 9783.0 ± 1947.9, P < .05, respectively) but returned to the pre-exercise values 10 minutes later. We conclude that intradialytic isometric handgrip exercise does not induce hemodynamic instability at low and moderate intensities.
- Decentralized electricity storage evaluation in the Portuguese contextPublication . Martins, António A.; Mota, Marta G.; Caetano, Nídia S.; Mata, Teresa M.Portugal has made great progress in implementing renewable energy systems (RES) to use its endogenous renewable resources. As the cost of renewable energy generation is decreasing, mainly for photovoltaic energy, a significant increase in its production is expected, in particular at the local and domestic levels. Yet, much investment and development is still needed to fulfil the goals for renewable energy generation defined by the Portuguese government and the European Union, in order to decarbonize energy generation and reduce energy dependence. Besides limitations in the installed capacity, the full potential of existing and future RES is not fulfilled, mainly due to imbalances in supply and demand, resulting from the varying climatic conditions and limited energy storage capacity. Although some investment was made in large scale Energy Storage Systems (ESS), especially pumped hydro, distributed energy storage (DES), in particular for stationary domestic storage appliances, have received little attention from decision makers. When properly defined, designed and implemented, they can contribute to increase the efficiency of existing and future RES and the capacity factor. Thus, in this work the questions regarding the implementation of DES are analysed. The main criteria that have to be considered when selecting the proper storage technology for DES are defined, taking into account information and data from current legislation and/or strategic plans and goals, and the technical and scientific literature, in order to support decision making and policy definition at different levels. The proposed application of the various criteria leads to the conclusion that for DES, electrochemical based ESS are the most adequate, among which Li ion batteries and redox flow batteries, particularly suited for local and/or household applications. The current policies sought out for Portugal are also examined in order to identify which aspects should be improved to promote and increase the relevance of DES in the Portuguese energy mix, and it is concluded that specific policies and support are needed to increase the relevance of decentralized electricity storage systems.
- How Do HRM Practices Relate To Innovation Performance In Information Technology FirmsPublication . LOUSÃ, Eva Petiz; RODRIGUES, Ana Cláudia; Matos PINTO, Euláliahis paper investigates the relation between Human Resources Management (HRM) and innovation/performance in four firms operating in the Information Technology sector. A qualitative multiple case study methodology was used, and data collection included a documentary information analysis, and semi-structured interviews were held with HRM and innovation-related functions. The main results revealed that HRM practices are related to the best innovation and performance outputs. Moreover, some sector-specific HRM practices-Innovation/performance relations were found, with which prepositions are proposed. There is a high level of recruitment and selection, as well as compensation (salary, benefits and non-financial pay) practices due to the increasing need for these professionals in the labor market. Considering the generalization of compensation and benefits practices in the IT sector, it seems that the production of patents/utility models in organisations is more related to the investment in training and development, then to compensations and benefits practices. Few HRM practices that focus on promoting autonomy and self-management have a positive effect on innovation and can be at least as effective as a wider number of corporate HRM practices. This study contributes to the HRM relation to innovation performance literature, by its qualitative and longitudinal nature, the use of objective innovation and performance measures, and the prepositions specific to the IT sector that are suggested for future validation.
- Business Intelligence and Data Mining to Support Sales in RetailPublication . Castelo-Branco, Francisca; Reis, José Luís; Vieira, José Carvalho; Cayolla, Ricardo
- Comparing the Effects of Leadership and Organizational Culture on Innovation in Technology-Based Organizations and Other IndustriesPublication . Petiz LOUSÃ, EvaThe relationship between leadership, organizational culture and innovation is examined. One hundred and two Portuguese organizations from different activities sectors participated in the study. In each organization, top managers were asked about the innovation activity and employees were asked about the leadership and organizational culture of their organizations. Organizations were classified as either technology-based or non-technology-based. A structural model was tested by multi-group analysis, considering the sector of activity, technology-based companies and non-technology-based companies. Results show significant differences in the relationship between leadership and organizational culture in the prediction of innovation and on the contribution of the several variables in the model, suggesting that the activity sector of an organization acts as a moderator of that relationship. Some contributions are highlighted.