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Processos de amostragem e cálculo para determinação do tamanho da amostra: critérios e métodos adotados em teses e dissertações em Ciências do Movimento Humano - um estudo descritivo
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Quantitative monographic studies systematically use inferential statistical
procedures to test hypotheses. For this purpose, sampling procedures and sample sizes
need to be adequate for the proposed procedures. The aim of this study was to identify the
sample selection methods, as well as the performance and types of calculation to determine
the sample size adopted in theses and dissertations developed in a graduate program in
the field of Physical Education. Theses and dissertations defended between 2003 and
2013 were obtained through digital repository. Only quantitative studies were included,
in which the following issues were analyzed: (1) sample selection criteria; (2) presence
of sample calculation; (3) calculation type to estimate sample size. A total of 199 studies
were included. Of these, 6% (n=11) used probabilistic methods for sample selection and
3% (n=6) used animal models. As for the accomplishment of sample calculations, 36%
(n=72) studies reported having adopted this procedure. Of studies that performed sample
calculations, 25% (n=18) used predictive equations, 67% (n=48) considered methods with
statistical power as their base, 3% (n=2) used confidence interval, 4% (n=3) did not mention
the method and 1% (n=1) was based on the type of statistical test to be used later. Nonprobabilistic
sampling methods predominate for the selection of subjects; most studies do
not report adopting calculations to estimate sample size and, among those that reported
the use, the models that consider statistical power as the main criterion are predominant.
Description
Keywords
Sample size Selection bias Statistical analysis