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Publication
Biomechanical analyses of synchronised swimming standard and contra-standard sculling
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.23 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Synchronised swimming involves a variety of sculling movements essential for body support and propulsion but its study is scarce. We aimed to biomechanically compare standard and contra-standard sculling techniques, and to observe the relationship between measures. Six synchronised swimmers performed two, 30 s maximal intensity, fully tethered standard and contra-standard sculling motions. Kinetic and kinematic data were obtained using a load-cell and underwater cameras, respectively. Force decreased along both techniques' bouts, but no differences in-between techniques were noted for any kinetic variables. Standard sculling presented a higher cycle rate and a lower elbow mean angle than the contra-standard sculling (2.4 ± 0.3 vs. 2.0 ± 0.2 cycles/s and 134.1 ± 5.8 and 141.5 ± 4.7°, p < 0.05). In the standard sculling, by removing and maintaining the variation between participants (r
w
and r, respectively), the absolute mean force was directly related with cycle rate (r
w
= 0.60) and wrist angular velocity during flexion (r = 0.82), while in the contra-standard condition the force was inversely associated with wrist mean angle (r = -0.95) and directly with hand speed (r
w
= 0.76), and elbow angular velocity (r
w
≈ 0.60). Therefore, technique learning and training require different attention by coaches and swimmers.
Description
Keywords
Adolescent Biomechanical Phenomena Elbow Forearm Hand Humans Kinetics Motor Skills Movement Physical Conditioning, Human Swimming Time and Motion Studies Wrist